Day 11

Ok so I have decided to leave. I'm guessing that I'll need to pack some  provisions, can't just steal or beg where ever I go. Well I can but I tend to find such people depressing and to become one myself is too much for my pride to handle. I feel like the destination is less important than just getting on with it...

Here we have a basic overview of phase shift and amplitude adjustment how adjusting the equation will change the outcome of the graph. this is to describe the nature of op amps.

Here is an example of an opamp being showcased in a dc circuit, as can be depicted by the square graphs. the second graph represents what happens when the op amp is only connected with a positive signal. The equation shows the gain.

here we have our own example and solve for output voltage by using the nodal method. When assuming an ideal op amp the current going into and out of the the positive and negative ports is 0A so the voltage is zero (or near enough)

These are the equations for the two for the two types of op amps that we have been introduced to. An inverting and noninverting op amp. the inverting flips the sign of the voltage as well as increases the output while the non inverting just increases the output.

Here we are doing a lab where we measure the output on an inverting op amp.

Here's another view of the circuit from the top. the alligator clips are connected to a multimeter to measure voltage across the op amp.

THis graph shows the output voltage and where the values saturate. Right around 4 and -4V.

The red graph represents the diffence anmplifier used in te second lab. It has a much narrower range of linear values.

THis is a picture of the difference op amp circuit, that or just another close up of the first circuit.

This is Chris as cup head, since he likes coffee so much and I was inspired to draw.

Frank too was inspired to draw but his cup head is more worried about the test results...

he contemplates his future as a college drop out

more examples of wave equations, perhaps this should have been added earlier in the blog...

Two pictures of the same equations because they are that important XD.  It's all the types of equations for the op amps. THis will be helpful for the test.

Here's another example of an opamp, I'm pretty sure its an dif op amp.

Andrew is hiding his russian background rather poorly.

Day 10

Alright, it might be night but I'm sure there's more to do than mull over the negatives that one can find in the simple pleasures of daily life. Adventures to had and the like. But what to do? Normally these kind of things start off with a sign not necessarily a byproduct of boredom. Certainly one can not start in such a manner can they?

Getting introduced to switches, A necessity to future applications. 

Ahhh, the op-amp: an op amp is an active circuit element designed to perform mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, differentiation, and integration.

Here we have an example of a non ideal op amp that can act like a large resistor and a current controlled current source. USe nodal analysis to get the voltage out.

;here's mason's version of the same circuit.

Here's what we assume our op amp will give us a gain of for this lab.

Here's the lab data, we can see the saturation level and the linear area of the op amp that we used.

Day 9

The day is long and the night is cool. Crickets chirruping here and there now. You can't imagine how annoying some bugs can be so crickets aren't all that bad. Still hearing a frog's croaking might be more interesting. Ever hear a chorus of frogs in the night, it's rather relaxing. Though I suppose after a time even that would become an annoyance. Curious how that what we are not used to seems so much easier to deal with that the familiar. I attribute that to people as well, supposing that as you spend more time with a person their personality becomes more abrasive. 

Here we have the almighty max power equation. It does require the prior knowledge of thevenin equivalence but thankfully we covered that last post. but this is the main equation, there is another if the equivalent resistance is equal to the R_L but should it not this is the only relevant equation to use.

ANd here is the derivation to the simpler equation.

here we have an example of finding max power, we can see the thevenin circuit in the lower left corner and then the power equation put into use.

Just another example and we add the energy component.

Not sure what this is but I'm leaving it.

well I'm guessing its the elongated form of this circuit.

Oh here's the power measured with respect to the equation that would result in similar values.

The table we used for that lab, prety good stuff right there.

The recorded values as they were being taken which were then put into excel to create...

This graph and data that corresponds with predicted equation fits, and predicted values, as one can see the actual and predicted data overlap so pretty good stuff.

Day 8

Okay we are now 4 weeks into this class I think I can drop this charade. There is no foresight going, no dark troubling brooding thoughts. They were meant to be entertaining, yet after careful speculation it has seemed that the joke has run its course. I mean there are much better ways of telling a story to begin with. Shall we start over?

This day we learn the thevenin equivalence, and truth be told I was not even present for this class. None-the-less I managed to secure notes to complete this blog and to study from.

So pretty much doing the equivalence means converting voltage sources to current sources and vice-versa in order to get a equivalent resistance that will lead to either a voltage or current across a resistor that you actually want to get.

Here we go lab time, doing some simple circuits again, cool cool.

 Thevenin equivalence circuit and mason explaining stuff for the lab.

And here's the table, no power though... well I'm sure it's not THAT important. Oh and no plots but I blame Javier for that one.

Day 7

Depression is no longer a factor, in fact I embrace the darkness and its ambiguity. Not only is it a comfort that prevents the horrible reality that has befallen the visual sense, it is also a constant presence where else is absent...

Here are my predicted waves, not in order because I mean that's not how I roll. But I mean you can tell what's square, triangle and sinosidal right?

And lo' and behold we have graphs that pretty much mirror my predictions. I might not be the most tech savy person in the world but I can make graphs. However I don't recall editing the values of the square graph to give a .25 voltage difference from the triangular and sinosidal.

Here we see linear relationship in circuits where kiR = kv and k is a constant. so given the same circuit structure, simple arithmetic is only necessary for computation to rind either voltage or current.

Here we learn about superposistion: The superposition principle states that the voltage across (or current through) an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across (or currents through) that element due to each independent source acting alone. Basically you can break a circuit into parts and then add them together.

Steps to Apply the Superposition Principle:
1. Turn off all independent sources except one source. Find the output (voltage or current) due to that active source using nodal or mesh analysis.
2. Repeat step 1 for each of the other independent sources.
3. Find the total contribution by adding algebraically all the contributions due to the independent sources.

In this lab we predict voltage values using superposition and exact incremental increases. 

Day 6

My goodness these experiences do wear a body thin. Especially when recounting horrible obscure imagery that may not exist to being with...

So this is mesh analysis. I told you I'd get to it, sheesh. So we saw KCL with node, this is KVL but interpreted with currents as loops instead of voltages as one can tell from the current loops.

The more loops, the more equations we have but it solves for unknowns and my calculator has a polysolve function built in so I never really need to bother.

Measuring Resistors and then making a circuit out of them. Not much different from the usual.

 These are some lovely values, measured and calculated (though I left out the calculations [or did I??]) and apparently everything came out fine, or close enough to it. Even got a happy clam there, not sure about the sad face however.

And here we learn the correct configuration for DC transistor, a voltage source and a current controlled current source. remember that for the test. Also helps to know the difference between NPN and PNP but it's common sense.